The more popular method of improving the power factor on low voltage distribution systems is to use power capacitors to supply the leading reactive power required.
The amount and location of the corrective capacitance must be
determined from a survey of the distribution system and the source of
the low-power factor loads.
In addition, the total initial cost and payback time of the capacitor installation must be considered.
To reduce the system losses, the power factor correction capacitors should be electrically located as close to the low-power factor loads as possible. In some cases, the capacitors can be located at a particular power feeder. In other cases, with large horsepower motors, the capacitors can be connected as close to the motor terminals as possible.
The power factor capacitors are connected across the power lines in
parallel with the low-power factor load. The number of kilovars of
capacitors required depends on the power factor without correction and
the desired corrected value of the power factor.
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